中文翻译与英英解释

n.
1.艰难，困苦；辛酸，苦难。
2.压制，虐待。
短语和例子
bear hardship without complaint 任劳任怨。 undergo [go through] all kinds of hardships 备尝辛酸。

something hard to endure; "the asperity of northern winters"
同义词：asperity, grimness, rigor, rigour, severity, severeness, rigorousness, rigourousness,

something that causes or entails suffering; "I cannot think it a hardship that more indulgence is allowed to men than to women"- James Boswell; "the many hardships of frontier life"

a state of misfortune or affliction; "debt-ridden farmers struggling with adversity"; "a life of hardship"
同义词：adversity, hard knocks,

例句与用法

Poverty had inured the beggar to hardships .
贫穷已使那乞丐惯于艰难。

He looked upon privation as no hardship .
他不把忍饥受冻当作什么苦难。

He endured hardships to plan retaliation .
他卧薪尝胆，图谋报复。

His cold character was molded by hardship .
艰难困苦锻炼了他那冷酷性格。

His health broke after years of hardship .
多年的困苦生活使他的身体垮了。

They tempted the hardship of a strange land .
他们冒险去忍受在异国的艰苦。

He has experienced what hardships mean .
她涉阅过艰苦的生活。

He went through all kinds of hardships in the old society .
他在旧社会受尽了苦。

During these years of hardship his wife died .
在这些艰难的岁月里，他的妻子去世了。

His life is beset with hardships .
他的生活充满艰辛。